An Issuer Company is a legal entity that issues securities (like stocks or bonds) to raise capital, while a Registrar and Transfer Agent (RTA) is a SEBI-registered entity that manages the records of security holders and facilitates activities like share transfers and dividend distribution on behalf of the issuer.

Issuer Company:

An issuer is a company, government, or other entity that issues securities to raise capital from investors.

These securities can be in the form of stocks (equities), bonds, or other types of debt instruments.

Issuers are responsible for the overall process of issuing securities, including determining the terms of the offering, preparing the necessary documentation, and complying with regulatory requirements.

Registrar and Transfer Agent (RTA):

RTAs are entities registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) that provide services related to share registry maintenance and share transfer activities.

They act as an intermediary between the issuer and its investors, handling tasks such as:

Maintaining accurate records of security holders

Processing share transfers and updates to shareholder information

Ensuring smooth communication between investors and the company

Distributing dividends and other corporate actions

Handling investor grievances

RTAs are often banks, trust companies, or specialized financial institutions.

Some companies choose to act as their own transfer agent, while others outsource this function to RTAs.